使用 Optimum 預訓練適用於 Intel Gaudi 的 Transformers 模型

預訓練 Transformers 模型（如 BERT）與微調它一樣簡單。模型應該從配置中例項化，使用 .from_config 而不是從預訓練檢查點例項化，使用 .from_pretrained。例如，GPT2 應該如下所示：

from transformers import AutoConfig, AutoModelForXXX

config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained("gpt2")
model = AutoModelForXXX.from_config(config)

其中 XXX 是要執行的任務，例如 ImageClassification。

以下是一個工作示例，其中 BERT 用於掩碼語言建模的預訓練：

from datasets import load_dataset
from optimum.habana import GaudiTrainer, GaudiTrainingArguments
from transformers import AutoConfig, AutoModelForMaskedLM, AutoTokenizer, DataCollatorForLanguageModeling

# Load the training set (this one has already been preprocessed)
training_set = load_dataset("philschmid/processed_bert_dataset", split="train")
# Load the tokenizer
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("philschmid/bert-base-uncased-2022-habana")

# Instantiate an untrained model
config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
model = AutoModelForMaskedLM.from_config(config)

model.resize_token_embeddings(len(tokenizer))

# The data collator will take care of randomly masking the tokens
data_collator = DataCollatorForLanguageModeling(tokenizer=tokenizer)

training_args = GaudiTrainingArguments(
    output_dir="/tmp/bert-base-uncased-mlm",
    num_train_epochs=1,
    per_device_train_batch_size=8,
    use_habana=True,
    use_lazy_mode=True,
    gaudi_config_name="Habana/bert-base-uncased",
)

# Initialize our Trainer
trainer = GaudiTrainer(
    model=model,
    args=training_args,
    train_dataset=training_set,
    tokenizer=tokenizer,
    data_collator=data_collator,
)

trainer.train()

您可以在此部落格文章中檢視另一個預訓練示例。

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